If you want to pass money to future generations without having it subject to gift and estate taxes, then a dynasty trust may be right for you. A dynasty trust allows trust assets to be used for the benefit of multiple generations while keeping the assets out of your taxable estate (the grantor) and the beneficiaries’ taxable estates.

About Estate Taxes

Federal Estate Tax Exemption

In 2022, federal estate tax exemption is $12.06 million ($24.12 million for couples). Estates valued at more than the exemption amount will pay federal estate taxes at a rate between 18 percent and 40 percent.

Gif Tax Exclusion

The lifetime gift tax exclusion – the amount you can give away without incurring a tax – is also $12.06 million in 2022. Note that you can give any number of people up to $16,000 each per year (in 2022) without the gifts counting against the lifetime limit.

Generation Skipping Transfer Tax

The generation skipping transfer (GST) tax affects assets passed to grandchildren. The tax is imposed even when property is left in trust for a grandchild. The GST exemption is the same as the estate and gift tax exemptions. If you transfer more than the GST exemption, the tax rate is 40 percent.

Dynasty Trust Benefits

The main benefit of a dynasty trust is the avoidance of estate and gift taxes over many generations. Assets transferred to a dynasty trust are subject to estate, gift, and Generation Skipping Transfer taxes described above only when initially transferred and only if they exceed federal exemption thresholds. The estate and gift tax exemptions are currently very high. In 2026 the exemption is set to drop to the previous exemption amount of $5.49 million (adjusted for inflation).

Protection from Creditors

Another benefit of a dynasty trust is that the assets in the trust are protected from the beneficiaries’ creditors or in the event a beneficiary divorces. If the trust is properly structured, creditors cannot go after trust assets to pay the beneficiaries’ debts.

How a dynasty trust works

A dynasty trust is an irrevocable trust, which means once it is created it cannot be changed. Funds transferred into the trust will be taxed if they exceed the lifetime gift tax exclusion. However, once funds are transferred to the trust, beneficiaries of the trust can pass assets to the next generation without those assets being subject to estate, GST, or gift taxes. In addition, the assets placed in the trust are removed from your estate and can grow outside of it.

The Trustee

The trustee of the trust can be a beneficiary, but because the trust is designed to last for generations, it may make sense to have a professional fiduciary, such as a bank or other financial institution, serve as trustee. The trustee manages and distributes the assets in the way you set forth in the trust agreement. Usually, the trust provides for the beneficiaries’ support during their lifetimes. For example, it could direct the trustee to pay out income regularly, make periodic principal distributions, or make distributions contingent on the beneficiary’s need.

The length of time the dynasty trust can continue to exist depends on state law. Some states allow trusts to run for hundreds of years or indefinitely, while others place limits on how long the trust can operate. Traditionally, the rule against perpetuities states that a trust can last 21 years past the death of the last beneficiary. However, many states have opted out of the rule, allowing trusts to continue for many generations.

Considerations for Dynasty Trusts

Once a dynasty trust is created, you lose access to the assets. Because dynasty trusts last for generations, they require thought about what will be best for your descendants.

Dynasty trusts are complicated instruments that must be designed correctly in order to provide benefits. Contact your attorney to determine if a dynasty trust is right for you.

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